Means for forming selvages in looms



June 29, 1965 K. J. HALL mmns FOR FORMING SELVAGES IN Looms 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 2, 1964 INVENTOR KENNETH J. HALL ATTORNEY June 29, 1965 K. J. HALL 3,191,634

MEANS FOR FORMING SELVAGES IN LOOMS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 2; 1964 INVENTOR KENNETH J. HALL ATTORNEY June 29, 1965 K. J. HALL 3,191,634

MEANS FOR FORMING SELVAGES IN LOOMS Filed Jan. 2:, 1964 4 Shets-Sheet a 'g o FIG. I? 65 IS/O 80 0 I61 T90 I72 73 23 4 Tel I73 Q 92 5 INVENTOR KENNETH J. HALL ATTORNEY June 29, 1965 K. J. HALL 3,191,634

MEANS FOR FORMING SELVAGES IN LOOMS' Filed Jan. 23, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 llh.

/ |2 f F IG I5 4 76 ATTORNEY United States Patent Office 3,191,634 Patented June 29, 1965 3,191,634 MEANS FOR FORMING SELVAGES IN LOOMS Kenneth J. Hall, Worcester, Mass., assignor to Crompton & Knowles Corporation, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Filed Jan. 2, 1964, Ser. No. 335,130 18 Claims. (Cl. 139-54) This is a continuation-in-part of my co-pending application entitled Means for Making Selvage in a Loom, Serial No. 248,411, filed December 27, 1962, now abandoned.

This invention relates to mechanism for making a selvage in a loom and it is the general object of the invention to provide means for this purpose operating with a single operating part of the loom effective to manipulate several selvage warps.

In my prior Patent No. 2,918,945 there is shown a selvage forming mechanism which is operated by two harness frames. In many instances there is ample capacity in the dobby or head motion so that two jack levers can be assigned to the selvage mechanism, but when there is a demand for a fancy pattern requiring as near the full capacity of the dobby as possible, it is desirable to utilize only one lever in the dobby, and the mechanism set forth herein is operated in that way.

The selvage mechanism set forth in the aforesaid patent has two oppositely reciprocating selvage warp manipulating controllers, and a harness frame for each controller. The dobby and each harness frame are controlled by a pattern surface and if an error is made in making the surface, the two harnesses could both move up, or both down, instead of in opposite directions, and a defect would occur, such as all the selvage warps being below, or all above a weft, in which event the weft would not be caught at the selvage. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a mechanism so made as to require the two controllers to move in opposite directions even though an error may have been made in making the pattern surface, thus insuring that every weft will be caught at the selvage.

The selvage mechanism shown in the aforesaid patent includes two vertically disposed needles the eyes of which are threaded with noncrossing selvage warps. Other selvage warps are caused to cross through the space between the needle ends by a sliding member having oblique slots to act on the warps to move them first in one direction, then in the opposite direction. Behind the slots there is a positively driven unslotted member for the crossing warps which has the effect of producing a slight bend in the warps as they approach the slotted member. These bends occasionally exert transverse forces which interfere with the free sliding of the slotted member.

It is another object of the present invention to provide oblique slots in a positively moved second slide member which will eliminate the aforesaid bends and thereby eliminate the mentioned transverse forces and thus prevent interference with the sliding movement of the first member.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a unit having built-in sliding members and needles so arranged that two identical units can be used on opposite sides of the loom merely by giving one of the units a half turn about a horizontal axis. The unit has provision at its top and bottom for attachment to actuator means at points preferably though not necessarily in transverse alignment with the axis of the needles. By reason of the manner in which the unit is made it is not necessary to have both right and left-hand units.

It is a further object of the invention to provide the loom with means for adjusting the operating connections between the units and their actuators toward and from the center of the loom to accommodate fabrics of different widths.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood reference is made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of example the embodiments of the invention and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a front elevation of a loom having the invention applied to it,

FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the right-hand end of FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 3 is a detail side elevation of the selvage unit and connected parts as seen looking in the direction of arrow 3, FIGURE 1, on an enlarged scale,

FIGURE 4 is a diagrammatic side elevation taken from the right-hand side of FIGURE 1 showing the source of the selvage warps, the selvage warp controlling unit including the deflector blocks, the needles, and the lay, beat-up reed and shuttle, all looking in the direction of arrow 4, FIGURE 1,

FIGURE 5 is a front elevation looking in the direction of arrow 5, FIGURE 3, parts being broken away,

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged vertical section on line 6-6, FIGURE 5,

FIGURE 7 is a detail vertical section on line 7-7, FIGURE 6,

FIGURE 8 is an enlarged horizontal section on line 8-8, FIGURE 5,

FIGURES 9 and 10 are views similar to FIGURE 8 but with the parts in different positions,

FIGURE 11 is a perspective view showing the needles and the positively moved crossing warp member and warp moved deflector,

FIGURE 12 is an enlarged vertical section on line 12-12, FIGURE 2,

FIGURE 13 is an enlarged plan view of the lower righthand part of FIGURE 2,

FIGURES 14 and 15 are vertical sections on lines 1414 and I515, respectively, FIGURE 13,

FIGURES 16-21 are diagrammatic views showing the operation of the deflector blocks and the control they exercise over the crossing selvage threads, and

FIGURE 22 is an enlarged section on line 22, 22, FIGURE 5.

FIGURES 1, 2 and 4 show a loom of general construction'such as can be used with the invention and having the usual frame including loomsides 10 and 11 and arch structure 12. A dobby 13 is shown as an example of warp controlling mechanism and will have jack levers 14 connected by lifter cords 15 to harness frames 16 for controlling the nonselvage warp threads of the loom. One of the jack levers, designated I herein, is not connected to a harness frame but is reserved for operation of the invention as will be described hereinafter and may be considered to be an actuator, or part of an actuator system.

A supply of selvage warp threads is shown in FIG- URE 4 for the right-hand part of the loom shown in FIG- URE 1 and includes a spool S rotatable on a fixed stud 20 and having four warp threads wound thereon for the form of the invention specifically illustrated herein. Warps 21 and 22 are respectively top and bottom noncrossing warps and the laterally deflectable crossing warps are indicated at 23 and 24. These warps unwind from the spool and are passed around a roll 25 which may be the loom Whip roll. The selvage warps already mentioned move in the direction of arrow 26 as the spool S turns counterclockwise to pay off warp during running of the loom. As the selvage warps move forwardly, to the left in FIGURE 4, they pass through a warp stop motion 27 and then through the harness frames 16 without, however, being controlled in any way by them. For the sake u ofclearness in the drawing the regular warps of the loom are omitted in FIGURE 4.

Stud is secured in stand 28 fastened to a stationary part 29 of the loom. A rod 39 fast with the stand 23 has secured thereto a comb 31 to separate the selvage warps. A cord 32 having one end secured to rod 311 extends around a pulley 33 fast with spool S and has its other end connected to a spring 34 anchored on rod 31). The cord and spring prevent overrunning of the spool but permit the latter to turn. The loom has a lay 35 provided with a reed 36 which guides the shuttle 37 as it crosses the lay to leave weft threads in the warp shed.

The matter thus far described may be of conventional form and any similar means which will supply the selvage warps and have the equivalent of jack lever I may be used.

Referring again to FIGURE 1, itwill be seen that jack lever J is operatively connected to two cords 4t) and 41 which move together as the jack lever rocks to the right and then left under control of a pattern surface 4-2 in the usual manner for controlling the movement of jack levers by patterns. Cord 41? passes over a pulley 43 andthen on to the right to pulley 44 to which it is fastened. In similar manner, cord 41 passes around a pulley 45 and then to a pulley id to which it is fastened. The pulleys 43 and 4-5 are supported by the arch structure 12 in usual manner.

The pulleys 44 and 46 are each operatively connected to,selvage forming mechanism, one at the right and the other at the left-hand side of the loom, and since these mechanisms are similar only one of them will be described in detail, namely, the one at the right as viewed in FIGURE 1 and connected to pulley 44.

The arch structure 12 has secured to it similar front and rear supports 5t and 51 each formed with a horizontal slot. 52. A shaft 53 is mounted on the supports and has the pulley 44 secured to it, see FIGURE 15. When pulley 44 is turned due to operation of the dobby jack 1, shaft 53 will turn with it.

Shaft 53 is rotatable in bearings 54 and 5.5 held in adjustable position along the slots 52 of supports 519 and 51. Since the fittings on supports 51 and 51 are the same except for their hand, support 54 only will be described in detail. The left-hand end of the loom as viewed in FIGURE 1 will be provided with supports similar to supports 51 and 51, and the description of support 5% will suflice for both ends of the loom as well as the rear supports 51, it being understood that the pulleys 44 and 46 are adjacent to the front supports 56.

Referring particularly to FIGURES l2l5, the bearing 54 has a screw threaded shank ea which extends rear- Wardly through slot 52 from a head 61, see FIGURE 14. A nut 62 is threaded up tightly against support f on shank fitl, thus holding the bearing firmly in place. By loosening nut 62 the bearing can he slid along slot 52 to the desired location and the nut tightened to hold the new adjustment when this adjustment is necessary to accommodate fabrics of ditferent widths. Sprockets 63 and 64 and pulley 44 are secured to shaft 53 by set screws 65 as shown in FIGURE 15. The bearing 54 has a bushing 66 in which shaft 53 turns.

' Also received by a slot 52 is a second bearing 71) having a screw threaded shank '71 for a nut 72 which :draws a shoulder '73 against the support 513, see FIG- URE 15 The bearing can be adjusted along slot 52 in a manner similar to the adjustment already described for bearing 54. A bushing '73 in bearing 70 has a stub shaft 75 rotatable in it. Sprockets '76 and .77 as shown in that figure are secured to the stub shaft by set screws FIGURES 12 and 13 show that sprockets 64 and '77, which are the same size, mesh with a chain 79 which .causes stub shaft 75 to turn with shaft 53. A chain 81) has one of its ends attached to 81 to sprocket 63 and has its other end fastened to a connector 82 the lower end of which is connected as at 33 to the upper part of a selvaging unit U, see FIGURE 3. The lower end of unit U is connected at 84 to the upper end of a connector 85 the lower end of which is attached to a spring 86 the lower end of which is held in a clip 87 adjustably held along fixed rod 88 by set screw 89, see FIGURE 1. Spring 86 exerts a downward force and tends tov lower unit U by yields to permit upward movement of the unit when jack I moves to the left, FIGURE 1, and may be considered as forming an actuator system jointly with the jack lever I. r A chain extends over and meshes with sprocket 76 and the vertical run of it which is close to chain 89 extends down and is attached to a connector 96 the lower end of which is connected at 97 to a selvage warp thread deflector member 98, see FIGURE 3. A second connector 99 attached at 1116 to the lower end of member 93 extends downwardly and is connected at 101 to another chain 192 which extends under and meshes with an idler sprocket 1193 rotatable on a stud 1G4 and then extends up and is fastened to a connector 1115, which in turn is attached to a turnbuckle 1%, see FIGURE 1. Another rod 1%? leading upwardly from the turnbuckle is attached at 1053 to the other vertical run of chain 95, see FIGURE 12. The parts just named form a closed flexible operating system for transmitting force from sprocket '76 to member 93, and the turnbuckle provides means for keeping the several parts of the system taut.

The previouslymentioned stud 104 is mounted on a fixed stand 116), see FIGURES l and 3', having a horizon tal slot 111' through which extends a threaded end 112 of thestud. .A nut 113, on end 112 holds a shoulder 114 of the stud tightly against stand 110. The sprocket 103 has hub 115 rotatable on stud 1194, and a collar 116 held at 117 to the stud holds the sprocket in place on the stand. By loosening nut 1135 the stud can be moved along slot 111 to the desired adjusted position. The reason for providing the adjustments of bearings 54 and 7t), and also stud 1534, along their slots is to permit movement of the unit U so that it can be close to the selvage of cloths of different widths in the loom.

The unit U is formed essentially of three relatively movable parts including an elongated upright carrier 120 composed of several parts fixed relative to each other, the previously mentioned warp deflecting positively moved member 98 slidable on carrier 120, and a second warp deflector member 121 also slidable on carrier 120 but not positively moved, being responsive rather to forces exerted on it by the crossing selvage warp threads.

Upright member 12d, as shown more particularly in FIGURES 3, 5 and 8 to 11, has right and left-hand (FIG. 5) vertical elongated elements 122 and 123 respectively, FIGURE 5, made preferably of pressed sheet metal and of U-shaped cross section, their concave parts facing each other. The wider element 122 is separated from element 123 by a vertical slot 124. Element 122, FIGURE 8, has parallel fiat slides or flanges 125 and 126 which align respectively with sides or flanges 127 and 128 of element 123. The flanges are substantially parallel to each other. Each extreme end of member 1213 has a head 13 i) fitting between elements 122 and 123 and held in place by screws 131. The top and bottom heads are attached at 83 and 84 to connectors 82 and $5 respectively, see FIGURE 3. A thread guide 132 fast with and upstanding from each head has a thread retainer 133 held to the guide'by screw 134. The top of each guide has a peripheral groove 135 for a nondeflectable selvage warp.

Adjacent to each head is a needle support 140, see FIGURES 3, 5 and 22, fitting between the elements 122 and 123 and held to the unit by screws 1411. Each support is made of two parts, one of them 142 being held by the screws 141 and the other, shown at 143 in FlGURE 22, having an eye 144 and a thread shank 145 extending through a hole 146 in part 142 and having a nut 147 threaded on it. Upstanding from part 142 is a grooved needle guide 148 in which fits a needle. Each needle (to be described) passes through its eye 144 and is held in fixed position relative to members 122 and 123 when its nut 147 is tightened.

The needles d and 151 are alike and have thread eyes 152 for the noncrossing selvage warps and they are held about as shown in FIGURE 5 so that their ends are separated by a space 153 through which the crossing warp thread can pass. Eyelets 154and 155 are located in the flanges 125 and 126 of side member 122, one above, the other below space 153.

The positively moved warp deflector member 98 is shown in FIGURE 11 in which part of element 122 is broken away. Member 98 has a body 160 formed with upper and lower ears 161 and 162 respectively attached to connectors 96 and 99. The body 1611 has a vertical slot 163, see FIGURE 8, through which the crossing warps 23 and 24 can pass. A warp deflector plate 165 is slidable on the carrier 120 and is secured by screws 166 to member 98. Lengthwise notches or slots 167 in the vertical edges of plate 165 receive the adjacent edges of the flanges 125 and 127. Slots 167 are formed by front ridges 168 (to the left in-FIG. 11) extending the full height of plate 165, and short ridges 169 formed on short platforms 170 which stand out from the main central body of plate 165 .and are in direct contact with part 160, see FIGURES 8 and 11. The slots 167 receive flanges 125 and 127 and prevent the plate 165 from being displaced laterally from carrier 120.

Plate 165 has two oblique slots 172 and 173 which are inclined toward each other and also toward the element 123, see FIGURE 11. The deflectable warp threads 23 and 24 pass, respectively, through slots 172 and 173.

The previously mentioned member 121 includes a plate 188 somewhat similar to plate 165, see FIGURE 8. Plate 180 has lengthwise ridges 181 and has platforms 182 similar to platforms 170 having overhanging ridges 183 which with ridges 181 form slots 184 which receive flanges 126 and 128 and effectively prevent lateral displacement of member 121 from elements 122 and 123. Slide member 121 is distinguished from member 98 by having provision for frictional engagement with flanges 126 and 128 so it will remain where placed on carrier 120 but will be slidable along the carrier by small forces.

The frictional feature is obtained by securing a weak flat spring 185, see FIGURE 6, to plate 181 by a screw 186 tapped into one of the platforms 182. The spring is bent toward the adjacent flanges and engages them with sufiicient force to retain the member 121 in any vertical position to which it is moved. The plate 186 has slots for the detlectable selvage warps inclined toward each other and also toward the wide side member 122, or inclined op-positely to the slots 17 2 and 173 in plate .165. These slots as viewed in FIGURE 11 are 1%, upper, and 191, lower.

When a loom equipped as already described is to be set into operation, the crossing warps will be threaded as previously described, and in addition noncrossing warp 21,

see FIGURES 3, 4 and 5, will pass through eyelets 154 from the rear, the right in FIGURE 4, then up over the top guide 132, fitting into groove 135, then down along needle 150 to and through its eye 152 and then forwardly to the cloth or fabric F. In similar manner, warp 22 will pass through eyelets 155, around bottom guide 132, up along needle 151, through its eye 152 and thence to the cloth.

During operation of the loom the dobby 13 under control of the pattern 42 can cause the jack I to move from one extreme position to the other while the lay 35 is in the forward part of its motion, that is, in the left-hand part of the motion as viewed in FIGURE 4. During this part or period of the lay motion the shuttle will be out of the warp shed and the pick of weft which it has laid will be beaten up into the cloth F. This period is from opproximately bottom center through front center to about top center. In the first part of the description of the operation of the loom it will be assumedt hat the dobby rocks jack I each beat of the loom, moving it to the left on odd numbered beats, for instance, and to the right on even numbered beats.

In FIGURE 16 the needles and 151 are shown as approaching their lowest position and the plates and nearing the upper limit of their movements, Arrows a, b and 0 indicate directions of motion which, however, are about to cease preparatory to reversal. Warp 23 is being raised positively by plate 165 and is in the lower left-hand end of its slot 172, and is able to assist in the lifting plate 180 by being in the upper left end of slot 190. Similarly, warp 24 is to the right in slot 173 and helps to lift plate 180 by being in the right-hand upper part of slot 191. Warp 23 is to the left, FIGURE 16, and behind needle 150, and warp 24 is to the right and in front of needle 150.

When the reverse motion is occurring it will be desirable to effect a reversal in the positions of the warps 23 and 24 relatively to the needles, that is, warp 23 to be in front of needle 151 and warp 24 to be'behind it.

FIGURE 17 shows the relation of the parts shown in FIGURE 16 after plate 165 has moved down a short distance from its topmost position and the needles have moved upwardly, see arrow 2, a similar distance. Spring has by its frictional contact with flanges 126 and 128 held plate 180 in its high position. Plate 180 is therefore stationary as plate 165 begins its downward motion indicated by arrow d. Warps 23 and 24 have been lifted and tension created in them in part at least by the lifting tends to make these warps move down toward a central neutral position. These warps therefore remain in the bottom of their slots 172 and 173 as plate 165 moves down, but since plate 180 is held up by spring 185 the warps 23 and 24 move down to the bottom of slots 190 and 191 respectively. Those parts of warps 23 and 24 in slots 190 and 191 are therefore already placed correctly with respect to their intended positions relative to needle 151, that is, warp 23 to the right in slot 190 and warp 24 to the lift in slot 191.

As plate 165 continues its downward movement plate 130, lagging behind it, will cause the warp 23 to move to the upper right of slot 172 and move warp 24 to the upper left of slot 173, see FIGURE 18. The warps are now in their desired position relative to the plates 165 and 181), warp 23 to the right of the upper slots in both plates and warp 24 to the left of the lower slots in the plates. By this time plate 180 is moving down, see arrow f, FIGURE 18, as is plate 165. The resistance to movement on the part of plate 180 due to spring 185 offsets to some extent at least slackness which would otherwise be present in warps 23 and 24, thus preserving a tension in them.

As the parts reach the position shown in FIGURE 20 the lower warp 24, still in the left-hand ends of slots 173 V and 191, will snap through the space 153 to be behind needle 151 when the parts reach the position of FIG- URE 20. Further downward motion of plates 165 and i 180 will result in the snapping of warp 23 through space 153 to be in front of needle 151 when the parts reach the position of FIGURE 21. In the latter figure warps 23 and 24 are on the sides of needle 151 opposite to those they occupied in FIGURE 18.

The series of sectional views, FIGURES 8-10, taken generally on line 8-8 of FIGURE 5 show structurally the relations of the parts shown in certain of the FIG- URES 16-21. FIGURE 8 shows the parts as represented in FIGURE 16 with the warps 23 and 24 on the left and right respectively of needle 150. FIGURE 9 shows the parts as represented in FIGURE 18 with the warps 23 and 24 still on the same sides of needle 150 but moved by the slots in plate 165 and 180 to the position behind the needles which they will occupy later in FIGURE 10 in front of the needles. FIGURE 9 shows those parts of warps 23 and 24 which are between plates'165 and 18 to be parallel so that no force derived from plate 165 is tending to urge plate 180 against one or the other of the parts 122 or 123 of the carrier.

After the plates 165 and 18 .1 have reached their lowest position corresponding to the highest position of the noncrossing warps which are threaded through the needle eyes the shuttle will act to lay a pick of filling through the separated pairs of warps, and the plates 165 and 1811 will then begin their rising motion during which the warps 23 and 24 will move reversely to the motions they had when moving downwardly. As the plates and warps 23 and 24 move upwardly the warps will pass through space 153 in the reverse direction and as the warps approach the upper end of their motion they will be in about the position shown in FIGURE 16 and the shuttle will lay another pick of weft between the crossing and noncrossing pairs of warps.

One feature of the invention is shown in FIGURE 9, namely, that the warps 23 and 24 are substantially par allel between plates 165 and 18% when the latter plate is sliding. in my previously mentioned patent the warps approaching the front plate corresponding to plate 180 herein would be oblique to each other and at an angle and would tend to urge the slide against those parts of the patented structure corresponding to flanges 126 and 12S herein. From plate 165 rearwardly to roll 25 the warps 23 and 24 may be oblique to each other, as indicated in FIGURE 9, but this obliquity does not adversely affect slide 1'50, since slide 165 is moved positively by the dobby by a force amply strong to overcome frictional resistance of plate 165.

From FIGURES 16-21 it will be evident this plate 165 is moved by a force derived from the loom, as is also carrier 1200f unit U, these two moving oppositely, and it will also be evident that plate 180 will lag behind plate 165, being moved by forces derived primarily from the dobby but transmitted yieldingly through the warps 23 and 24.

As shown herein the loom will be equipped to produce a selvage on each side of the cloth. At each side there will be supports and 51, a rod 88, and a support 110. When the invention is used on a loom producing a fabric with a woven selvage on one of its sides, the selvaging de vices will be located on the other side only. I a

From the foregoing it will be seen that the invention provides a simple mechanism for making a selvage in a loom wherein a single jack lever or the like sufiices for moving in opposite directions two devices which cause crossing and non-crossing warps to interact to form a tight selvage with the weft threads. It will be further noted that there is provided a unit having the two devices built in and that the unit is symmetrical about a central transverse axis so that by a mere inversion of one unit each side of the loom can be equipped with selvage forming units which will act as though they were made right and left-hand. It will also beseen that the oblique slots in actuator slide plate 1165 enables the warp threads 23 and 24 to be parallel as they approach plate 180, thereby eliminating any lateral force which otherwise would add frictional resistance to the movement of slide plate 180. In this way there is only one device supplying frictional resistance to the movement of slide plate 180, namely, spring 185. Furthermore, jack J and spring 86 can be considered to form an actuating system which derives its driving force primarily from the jack, and the closed con nections which include body 98 may be thought of as an operating system. Also, the ends of the carrier have stop means, the needle supports 140, which prevent loss of the deflector members.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, what is claimed is:

1. In a selvage forming unit for a loom having a reciprocating actuator system and an operating system and '8 a'pair of crossing and a pair of non-crossing selvage warp threads,

(a) a carrier having two substantially parallel elongated sides separated by an elongated slot to receive said crossing threads,

(b) a pair of needles fixed to said carrier and parallel to said slot and having adjacent ends separated by a space and each needle having an eye for one of the noncrossing selvage warps,

(c) means on each end of said carrier by which said selvage forming unit can be connected to said actuator system,

(d) a warp thread deflector member slidable on said carrier to positions on each side of said space and provided with slots to receive said crossing warps spaced from each other and inclined oppositely toward each other and toward one of said sides of said carrier,

(e) and means on said deflector member by which it can be operatively connected to said operating system.

2. The unit set forth in claim 1 wherein a second thread deflector member independent of both systems is slidably mounted on said carrier between said needles and the first named deflector member of said second deflector member having slots to receive said crossing threads said slots spaced from each other and inclined oppositely toward each other and toward the other of said sides.

3. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein the carrier has 'stop means at its ends joining said sides and preventing loss of said deflector members from the carrier.

4. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein (a) said sides are U-shaped in cross section and formed with parallel flanges,

(b) and said deflector members have edgewise slots to receive said flanges.

5. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein said sides are (a) U-shaped in cross section, each side having flanges facing the flanges of the other side,

(b) and holders for the needles are held to said sides between said flanges.

6. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein (a) the means for operatively connecting said operating system to the first named deflector member is a body movable along said carrier and having an opening therein to permit the crossing warps to pass therethrough to the slots of said first and second deflector members.

7. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein the carrier has a head on each end supporting a guide for a noncrossing selvage warp and a retainer secured to the top of each guide extends down toward the head along but spaced from the guide to confine a noncrossing selvage warp.

8. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein the carrier has a support adjacent to each end thereof having a grooved needle receiving guide and aclarnping eyebolt to hold a needle in position on the guide.

9. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein the sides are made of pressed sheet metal of U-shaped cross section having lengthwise extending flanges and the deflector members are guided by said flanges.

10. The unit set forth in claim 2 wherein said sides are (a) U-shaped in cross section, each side having flanges facing the flanges of the other side, (b) and a guide member for a noncrossing warp is on a head held at each end of the unit between said flanges. 11. The unit set forth in claim 10 wherein means for attaching the carrier to said actuating system is located on said heads.

12. In a selvage forming unit for a loom having a crossing pair and a noncrossing pair of selvage warp threads and an actuator system and an operating system, said unit including (a) a carrier having substantially parallel elongated sides separated by an elongated slot through which the crossing warps can pass,

(b) a pair of needles fixed to said carrier and parallel to said slot and having adjacent but separated ends each with an eye for one of the noncrossing selvage warps,

(c) a thread deflector member slidable on said sides adjacent to said needles and formed with slots spaced from each other and inclined oppositely toward each other and-toward one of said sides and positioned to receive said crossing warps,

(d) means by which said carrier can be connected to said actuator system,

(e) a second deflector member slidable on said carrier on the other side of said first deflector member from said needles,

(f) said second deflector member formed with slots spaced from each other and inclined oppositely toward each other and toward the other of said sides of the unit,

(g) and means by which said second deflector member can be operatively connected to said operating system.

13. In a selvage producing mechanism for a loom having a pair of crossing and a pair of noncrossing warps,

(a) an elongated carrier provided with needles for the noncrossing warp,

(b) a crossing warp controlling member guided by and movable along said carrier,

(6) an actuating system including a lever movable to two different positions in the loom operatively connected to said carrier and eflective to lift it,

(d) said system including means exerting a downward force on said carrier,

(e) an operating system connected to said member,

(f) and means operatively connecting said actuator and operating systems causing said systems to move the carrier and member in opposite directions.

14. The selvage producing mechanism set forth in claim 13 wherein said lever is a jack controlled as to its operation by a pattern surface.

15. The selvage mechanism set forth in claim 13 wherein said means connecting said system includes spaced operatively connected sprocket wheels one of which is operatively connected to the actuator system and the operating system includes flexible elements operatively connected to said member and one of said sprockets.

16. The selvage mechanism set forth in claim 13 where in the loom has adjusting means for locating the axes of said sprockets and the lower end of said actuator system at different distances from the center of the loom to accommodate fabrics of different widths.

17. The selvage mechanism set forth in claim 13 wherein said operating interconnecting means includes (a) a pair of equal sprocket wheels which mesh with a chain causing them to turn together and a (b) third sprocket rotating with one of said pair and rotated by said actuator system meshes with a chain operatively connected to said carrier and the other of said pair turns with (c) a fourth sprocket meshing with a chain operatively connected to said operating system.

18. In a selvage warp thread deflecting member for the carrier of a selvage forming unit having spaced parallel flanges and operating in a loom having an operating system,

(a) a body having upper and lower ears for attachment to said system and (b) having a slot between said ears for passage of selvage warp threads,

(c) and a warp deflector plate secured to said body having (d) slots along opposite edges to receive said flanges and having (e) oblique warp deflector slots positioned to receive throughout their length selvage warps passing through the slot in said body.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,872,935 8/32 Gordon 139-54 2,547,170 4/51 Picanol 139-54 2,918,945 12/59 Hall 139-54 3,047,027 7/62 Svaty et a1. 139-54 MERVIN STEIN, Primary Examiner.

DONALD W. PARKER, Examiner. 

18. IN A SELVAGE WARP THREAD DEFLECTING MEMBER FOR THE CARRIER OF A SELVAGE FORMING UNIT HAVING SPACED PARALLEL FLANGES AND OPERATING IN A LOOM HAVING AN OPERATING SYSTEM, (A) A BODY HAVING UPPER AND LOWER EARS FOR ATTACHMENT TO SAID SYSTEM AND (B) HAVING A SLOT BETWEEN SAID EARS FOR PASSAGE OF SELVAGE WARP THREADS, (C) AND A WARP DEFLECTOR PLATE SECURED TO SAID BODY HAVING (D) SLOTS ALONG OPPOSITE EDGES TO RECEIVE SAID FLANGES AND HAVING (E) OBLIQUE WARP DEFLECTOR SLOTS POSITIONED TO RECEIVE THROUGHOUT THEIR LENGTH SELVAGE WARPS PASSING THROUGH THE SLOT IN SAID BODY. 